Microcontroller or Processor: This is the brain of the circuit, which processes inputs and controls outputs.
Capacitors and Resistors: These components manage the flow of electrical current and voltage.
Integrated Circuits (ICs): These are complex circuits with multiple components, encapsulated in a single package.
Connectors and Terminals: These provide points for external connections.
Inductors and Transformers: These components manage electromagnetic fields and are often used in power supply circuits.
Transistors and Diodes: These components control and direct the flow of electrical current.
Power Supply: The board receives power through an external source connected to it via a power connector. The power is then distributed to the various components on the board.
Signal Flow: Input signals are received through input connectors or sensors. These signals are then processed by the microcontroller or processor.
Processing: The microcontroller processes the input signals according to the programmed instructions. It may perform computations, make decisions, or control other components on the board.
Output Signals: After processing, the microcontroller sends output signals to output connectors or actuators, controlling various devices or communicating with other systems.
Interconnects: The conductive pathways etched on the PCB connect all the components, ensuring the flow of electricity and signals according to the circuit design.
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